How are coins made?

A coin is a metal moneya sign serving as a legal means of circulation and payment. Most often, the coins are round, more rarely - oval. Earlier coins were minted or cast from copper, silver or gold. Modern coins are made, as a rule, from alloys of aluminum, copper or nickel. The name "coin" occurred, as scientists believe, from the second name of the Roman goddess Junona, whose temple in ancient Rome minted money. Juno was called the Instructor, which in Latin sounded like Juno Moneta.

Each coin has to distinguish between the frontcalled the obverse) and the reverse side (it is called the reverse). The side edge of the coin, its edge, is called the edge. Science, comprehensively studying the history of money circulation and coinage, is a numismatics.

After a short digression into the story, we'll tell you about how to make coins in a modern mint.

The process of making coins

First, the designer develops a coin sketch onpaper, and then creates its three-dimensional model in an enlarged form. Then the model is covered with a thick layer of rubber on a silicone base, which in minute detail conveys the entire model's relief. When the rubber solidifies, it is neatly removed and a kind of "negative" coins are obtained - the convex parts of the image become concave and, conversely, the concave ones become convex. The resulting negative form is filled with epoxy resin and is waiting for it to solidify, after which an epoxy copy is extracted from the silicone mold.
A special reducing machine transfersA picture from an epoxy copy on a master stamp made of steel. During the transfer process, the image is reduced, and the size of the received stamp already corresponds to the specified sizes of the future coin.
On the basis of the main master-stamp, working dies from high-strength steel are created. They are hardened, polished, and then chrome-plated to give them extra strength and extend their service life.
On special presses cut round billets of coins and process their edge, applying the necessary inscriptions and incisions to it.
After that, the workpiece is heated, cooled, etched and polished to a mirror finish. Now the workpiece is ready for loading into the coin press.
Steel punches simultaneously coin both sides of the coin, after which new and shiny finished coins can only be counted and packed.

This concludes our story of how coins are made, coming to an end. Finally a little information about the coins of Russia.

Modern coins of Russia

Now in the course of a coin of the 1997 model of par valuein one, five, ten and fifty kopecks, as well as one, five, ten and twenty-five rubles. Now a few words about what kind of metal coins are made of. One- and five-kopecks coins are struck from steel-clad steel, ten and fifty cents are made of brass, coins worth one and two rubles are made of copper-nickel alloy, and ten rubles are made of brass-coated steel.
Modern coins of Russia are minted on twoMints - Moscow and St. Petersburg. The coins are marked with a mint sign on which they were minted. Sometimes there are coins on which such a sign is absent due to technical violations during the coinage process. Coins without mint stigma are extremely rare and therefore very expensive. So, for example, for a five-kopeck coin of 2002 that does not have a stamp, collectors are willing to pay five thousand rubles, and a 50-kopeck coin of 2001 with the stamp of the Moscow Mint will bring to its lucky owner an incredible sum of one hundred thousand rubles!