How to calculate the construction of a house?
"Build a house, plant a tree, raise a son"- Some wise man tried to shove the meaning of life into this phrase. Perhaps he had his own life to decompose into the terms of this formula and get the required amount - happiness. And thank God! And we will try to decompose the components of happiness into a single component - to build a house. And God help us!
Basis of the basics
How to calculate the construction of a house? From what to build in the calculations? Maybe someone naively believes that the foundation of the house is the foundation, but this is not so. The basis of the house for people who know the value of money is the project. It is from him to build on, in order to correctly calculate the cost of building a house. The project can be ordered by an experienced specialist-designer, and you can draw yourself. If you are able to work in special computer programs, such as "K-2 (3) -Cottage", then you can not calculate the estimate for the construction of a house. Programs will ease the task for you and wake you up in the excitement of the creator and creator, because you create your own home, for yourself and your family.
Designing - errors and their consequences
If you are in computer programs "floating in"my advice to you is not to flatter yourself at the expense of your own" talent "as a designer. Building a house is not a walk under the moon along the ocean coast. Any mistake will come to you sideways regarding the calculation of the cost of building a house. And some mistakes can hurt the head in the literal sense, because mistakes in design can lead to the fact that the house will begin to fall apart after the construction is completed. The project is better to order an experienced designer - it will be cheaper than dismantling the finished walls, because they "do not prick up to the sky".
From project to estimate
After you saw your house on paper,you can start calculating the estimate of construction. In principle, an experienced and self-respecting designer will immediately give you a project with a ready estimate of the materials needed for construction - from the sand for the foundation to the last self-cutting roof. And computer programs will give you such an estimate, because the programmer who wrote this program was a designer and also respected himself. And if you still painted the project of your house yourself - then you will have to arm yourself with a calculator, store coffee and cigarettes and consider the entire amount of materials required for building materials yourself.
How to calculate the amount of required materials
Foundation
We take the perimeter of the foundation under the whole house,multiply by the amount of its depth in the ground and the height above the ground. Then multiply this work by the width of the foundation. We get the volume of concrete required for pouring the foundation. The volume is multiplied by the price of concrete. As a result, we have 2 figures: the volume of the required material and its cost. To these figures it is necessary to add the quantity and cost of the required reinforcement, wire for its binding, formwork and insulation if it is provided for in the project. And add to this the amount that the foundation workers demand for their work. The estimate for the foundation was obtained. How to calculate the material for building a house can be understood from the formula for calculating the foundation. But if some features when building a house from different building materials.
If the house is brick
In the middle zone of Russia and more northern latitudesBrick walls should be wide to protect against winds and winter cold. Therefore, it is customary to build brick houses with a wall width of 2.5-3 bricks. The number of required bricks for building a house is calculated according to a certain formula, which differs little from the calculation of the volume of the foundation. Also, the perimeter of the house is multiplied by its height, and then multiplied by the width of the brickwork. As a result, we get the volume of required bricks in cubes. The peculiarity is that it is necessary to calculate the areas of openings of windows and doors, then multiplying by the width of the wall, subtract the resulting figure from the total cubic capacity of the brick. Then we find out from the manufacturer the volume of one brick unit and divide the cubature of the house by the volume of one brick. As a result, we have the number of required bricks for the construction of the entire house. With blocks calculation is also performed. The sum is found by multiplying the total amount of material by the price per piece. Do not forget about cement, sand and additives to mortar for masonry and the amount for the work of a team of bricklayers.
If the house is wooden
The log cabin is usually bought ready. If you decide to cut your house yourself, then an ax in your hands. And calculate the material for the construction of the house, that is, the cubic capacity of the forest required for the construction of the house can be determined by the same formula: the perimeter, the height and width of the wall are multiplied. Wood and large lumber are sold in cubes, not by running meters. When calculating the necessary lumber on the house, in this case it is impossible to subtract the volume of door and window openings - no one will return the money for logs cut from a solid tree along the length of the window or door. The price will be set by the seller. Do not forget to put in the estimate the wages of carpenters and the cost of fasteners.
Roof
The roofing system will be built by roofers, whocalculate the cost of the roof. And if they do not trust, then you can turn to Pythagoras: in an equilateral triangle, the sum of the squares of the legs is equal to the square of the hypotenuse. According to this formula, you can calculate the roofing system, and the area of the roof itself. Add the amount exhibited by the brigade of roofers, as well as the required fasteners, so that the roof does not "take off" and the estimate you have before your eyes.
Other and unforeseen expenses
Windows, doors and all "beauty" must also beis taken into account in the estimate. And it is also necessary to lay some budget for "unforeseen expenses". For example, you have to buy a brick, because in pallets there is often a "shortage" in quantity. Or suddenly the kamazist tells you that the delivery is paid by the buyer, not by the seller. That's all of this and is the estimate for the construction of the house.
