What are the reserves?
Our today's article is devoted to nature reserves. You will learn about what reserves there are in our country, how many of them, what these reserves are and, of course, about what animals live in the reserves. Well, we'll start with the definition of the status of the reserve, as a special territory. After all, state nature reserves are nature protection, environmental education and research institutions in accordance with the law "On Specially Protected Natural Territories".
What are the reserves in Russia
As of the beginning of 2012,There are 103 reserves in our country. Most of the Russian reserves are located in such regions of our country as the Republic of Altai, Buryatia, the Astrakhan Region, the Khabarovsk Territory, the Perm Territory, the Amur Region, the Primorsky Territory, the Republic of Karelia, the Krasnoyarsk Territory, and Bashkortostan. However, there are several reserves in the regions of the Volga region, and in the Chelyabinsk region, and one or two reserves are located practically in any area of our vast homeland. Reserves have the goal to preserve and study the natural course of natural processes, phenomena, as well as the genetic fund of the animal and plant world, and individual communities, and species of animals and plants, unique and typical ecological systems. Reserves are one of the main types of natural areas subject to special protection.
What animals live in the reserves
In the reserves, as a rule, live those animals,which are naturally used to exist in the territories on which the reserves are located. In the European territory of Russia it is moose and bears, hares and foxes, and many other animals that live in our natural conditions. And, for example, in Siberian and Ural nature reserves there are also such species of animals as, for example, marals. Maral is the largest species of a noble deer. And have you heard of such an animal as musk deer? It seems to be a deer, but not quite. The matter is that the musk deer is less than a deer, and it does not have horns either. And males have long protruding fangs. In general, this animal is very secretive and cautious, and to see it alive is a great success. Well, in the photo, here - see yourself - a charming creature, is not it? What animals are there in the reserve yet? And in the reserves live roe deer, lynx, wolves, badgers, sables, ermines, caresses, otters, mink, mouse-pikas, columns. The column is a relative of affection and chorry, a predator pursued by another predator - sable. Of course, this list is far from complete, because in addition to mammals in the reserves inhabited by a huge number of birds, fish, insects, reptiles.
What are the reserves?
Well, now let's talk about the most famousRussian reserves and tell you about which national reserves are the most noteworthy. I must say that the very first Russian reserve - Barguzinsky - was founded at the very beginning of 1917, to be exact - on January 11. It is located in the territory of Buryatia. Well and then the list of protected territories only expanded with each decade. The oldest reserves, apart from Barguzinsky, are also Astrakhan (founded in 1919), Ilmensky (founded in 1920 in the Chelyabinsk region) and the Caucasus (founded in 1924). The most recent reserves included Erzi (2000, Ingushetia), Kologrivsky Forest (2006, Kostroma Oblast) and Utrish (2010, Krasnodar Territory). In accordance with ongoing measures to implement the "Concept for the Development of the System of Protected Natural Areas for the Period to 2020", 11 new reserves are planned to be created, of which two (Ingermanland and Shaitan-Tau) are to be established in the very near future.
Some statistics
The total area of the reserves in ourthe country is no less than 340 thousand km ² - this is a colossal territory, comparable in area with Finland. The largest Russian reserves are the Great Arctic (Krasnoyarsk region - more than 41,000 km²), the Komandorsky (Kamchatka region - more than 36,000 km²), and the Wrangel Island (more than 22,000 km²). Well, the smallest nature reserves in Russia are Belogorie (Belgorod region, about 21 km²) and Prioksko-Terrasny (Moscow region) and Galichya Gora (Lipetsk region) - both less than 50 km². The largest number of reserves is located in the territories of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (7), as well as Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories (6 each). We also note that the majority of the reserves are directly subordinated to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, but some of them belong to the RAS - the Russian Academy of Sciences and some other ministries: for example, the Far Eastern Marine Reserve belongs to the Institute of Marine Biology, Kedrovaya Pad, and the Ussuriiskii Reserve - to the Biological and Soil Institute, Galichya Gora - to Voronezh State University Min. education and science of Russia, and the East Urals to the Mayak PA, which belongs to the Federal Agency for Atomic Energy. In general, it can be said that state bodies are finally beginning to pay attention to their own natural heritage.
